jarðstöng

Jarðstöng, often translated as ground rod or grounding electrode, is a critical component in electrical grounding systems. Its primary function is to provide a direct, low-resistance path for electrical current to dissipate into the earth. This is essential for safety, protecting both people and equipment from dangerous electrical surges.

When an electrical fault occurs, such as a short circuit or a lightning strike, excess electrical energy needs a safe place to go. The jarðstöng, driven deep into the soil, acts as the terminal point for this energy. By connecting the electrical system's grounding conductor to the jarðstöng, any fault current is channeled away from the building and its occupants, significantly reducing the risk of electric shock and fire.

The effectiveness of a jarðstöng depends on several factors, including its material (typically copper or copper-clad steel for corrosion resistance and conductivity), its length, and the resistivity of the soil. Longer rods and better soil conductivity generally result in lower grounding resistance. In areas with high soil resistivity, multiple ground rods may be installed and bonded together to achieve the required low resistance. Regular testing and maintenance of the grounding system, including the jarðstöng, are important to ensure its continued reliability and safety.