isolering

Isolering refers to the design, materials, and installation practices used to limit the transfer of heat and sound between spaces. Its primary role in buildings is to reduce energy use for heating and cooling and to improve comfort by stabilizing indoor temperatures and reducing noise. Proper isolering also helps control moisture and can extend the life of structures when used with appropriate ventilation.

Thermal insulation reduces heat transfer through walls, roofs, floors, and mechanical systems, while acoustic insulation reduces sound transmission. In many constructions, both functions are provided by the same materials and assemblies.

Common thermal insulation materials include mineral wool, glass wool, extruded polystyrene (XPS), expanded polystyrene (EPS), polyurethane foams, and cellulose-based products. Natural or recycled options such as cork, sheep’s wool, and recycled textile batt are also used. Selection depends on thermal performance, fire resistance, moisture behavior, installation ease, and cost. Insulation is installed in cavities, on exterior or interior surfaces, in roof decks, and around pipes and ducts.

Performance is expressed as R-value or RSI value (resistance to heat flow); higher values indicate better insulation. The thermal conductivity (lambda) of the material describes its inherent heat transfer rate. Moisture management, including vapour barriers and breathable membranes, is important to prevent condensation and mold.

Durability, cost, and environmental impact influence material choice. Installation requires attention to detail to avoid gaps, thermal bridges, and compression. Building codes set minimum insulation standards, often tied to energy performance and climate, with occasional incentives.