internalfocused

Internalfocused is a term used in discussions of cognitive strategies for learning and performance that denotes directing attention toward internal bodily states, movements, and physiological processes while performing a task.

The term is closely related to the broader distinction between internal and external attentional focus. While "internalfocus" appears in some bodies of literature as a descriptor, many sources prefer "internal focus" or "internal-focused" to describe the strategy of concentrating on one's own movements or bodily sensations, rather than on the effects of the movement on the environment. The concept has roots in motor learning and rehabilitation research, and is used to contrast with external-focused strategies that direct attention to task goals, objects, or outcomes.

Applications and mechanisms: Proponents argue internal-focused strategies can enhance awareness of technique and help in relearning movements after injury, but more often external focus improves performance by reducing conscious interference and allowing automatic control. The effectiveness of internal-focused instructions may depend on task complexity, skill level, and the individual's needs. In some rehabilitative contexts, internal cues (e.g., "focus on knee alignment" or "feel the stretch") are used to correct specific patterns.

Research and criticism: Systematic reviews commonly find external focus to produce stronger performance benefits across many tasks, though internal-focused cues may be beneficial during early skill acquisition or when specific proprioceptive feedback is required. The term "internalfocused" is not universally standardized; usage varies by field and author. Related concepts include internal focus, external focus, attentional focus, motor learning, and proprioception.