infectados

Infectados are individuals who have contracted an infectious agent and harbor the pathogen in their body, with detectable evidence whether or not symptoms are present. In epidemiology, the term helps distinguish those who are infected from those who are not, and it includes both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases.

Diagnosis can be based on clinical evaluation and laboratory testing. Methods include molecular techniques such as PCR to detect pathogen genetic material, antigen tests, serology to show past or recent exposure, and cultures to grow organisms. Distinguishing active infection from mere exposure or colonization is important for management and public health decisions.

Infections may be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites. Transmission routes vary by agent and context, including respiratory droplets, direct contact, vectors, or ingestion. The incubation period can range from hours to weeks, influencing detection, isolation needs, and control measures.

Management and prevention depend on the pathogen. Treatments may include antivirals, antibiotics, antifungals, or antiparasitics, plus supportive care. Public health measures such as isolation, contact tracing, vaccination, and hygiene interventions aim to reduce transmission and protect vulnerable populations.

Ethical and social considerations include timely reporting, protecting patient privacy, and avoiding stigma toward those who are infected. Accurate information and transparent communication support outbreak response and public trust.