hydronics
Hydronics is the technology of using circulated liquid to transfer heat or cold in buildings and industrial processes. In a hydronic system, water or another working fluid is heated or cooled at a central source and circulated through a network of pipes to emitters such as radiators, baseboard convectors, or radiant floors. The system can be closed, with the same fluid continuously circulating, or open, drawing heat from a source that is exposed to the environment.
A typical hydronic installation includes a heat source (such as a boiler, heat pump, or solar thermal
Common configurations include hot water heating for residential and commercial buildings, radiant floor heating, and hydronic
Fluids used are typically potable water, with glycol or other antifreeze solutions added for freezing protection.
Hydronics offers efficient heat transfer and flexible zoning, and it integrates well with renewable energy sources.