hosiery

Hosiery refers to garments worn on the legs and feet. The term encompasses a range of items designed to cover the leg from the foot to various heights, including stockings, socks, tights, and pantyhose. Hosiery is produced in a variety of transparencies and thicknesses, from sheer to opaque, and is made to fit closely to the leg for both functional and decorative purposes. Stockings are typically footed but may be worn with a garter belt; pantyhose (or tights in some regions) combine a leg garment with an integrated brief and extend up to the waist.

Historically, hosiery has its roots in knitted hose used in Europe as far back as the Middle Ages and earlier. Modern innovations during the 20th century transformed the market: the introduction of nylon stockings in 1939 revolutionized availability and cost, and the subsequent use of synthetic fibers such as elastane (spandex) improved stretch and fit. Over time, styles evolved to include sheer, opaque, patterned, and reinforced variants, as well as specialized items like medical compression stockings.

Materials and types vary widely. Common fabrics include nylon, elastane, silk, cotton, and wool, often blended for strength and elasticity. Categories include sheer stockings, knee- or thigh-highs, pantyhose, and tights, as well as socks and legwarmers in certain contexts. Medical and performance versions, such as compression stockings, are used to support circulation and reduce discomfort.

Care and maintenance typically involve gentle washing and air drying to preserve elasticity and prevent damage. Hosiery remains a versatile component of fashion, professional dress, and medical support, reflecting ongoing changes in textile technology and cultural norms.