hipertensiotautien

Hypertensiotautien refers to a group of diseases characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure, commonly known as hypertension. This condition significantly increases the risk of serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and vision loss. Blood pressure is measured as two numbers: systolic pressure (the pressure in arteries when the heart beats) and diastolic pressure (the pressure in arteries when the heart rests between beats). When these numbers are consistently higher than normal, it is diagnosed as hypertension.

There are two main types of hypertension: primary (essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension develops gradually over many years and has no identifiable cause. It is thought to be influenced by a combination of genetics, lifestyle factors, and environmental influences. Secondary hypertension, on the other hand, is caused by an underlying medical condition, such as kidney disease, adrenal gland tumors, or congenital heart defects, or by certain medications.

Risk factors for developing hypertension include age, family history, obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet (high in salt and fat), smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and chronic stress. Managing hypertension typically involves lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a healthier diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, reducing salt and alcohol intake, and quitting smoking. In many cases, medication is also necessary to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is crucial for individuals diagnosed with hypertension or those at risk.