hiomapöly

Hiomapöly, or grinding dust, refers to airborne particulate matter produced during grinding, sanding, or polishing operations. It originates from the material being processed, the abrasive media, and any cooling or lubricating fluids used. The dust can be dry or damp and may vary in composition depending on the workpiece.

The composition of hiomapöly varies with the material. It can include crystalline silica (quartz) from concrete or stone, metal oxides from metalwork, wood dust, ceramic particles, pigments, and corrosion products. The hazardous fraction is often the respirable particles small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs. Dust generation is influenced by tools, wheel type and grade, grinding speed, feed rate, and the use of water or other coolant.

Health effects depend on the composition and exposure level. Inhalation can irritate the respiratory tract and eyes; prolonged exposure to crystalline silica, for example, can lead to silicosis and increased cancer risk. Other constituents may cause dermatitis or other irritation. The risk is higher in poorly ventilated spaces and with inadequate dust control.

Exposure assessment typically involves air monitoring, including personal sampling to measure respirable and inhalable fractions. Results are used to tailor controls and protective measures. Engineering controls and good practices are preferred over relying on personal protective equipment alone.

Control measures include local exhaust ventilation, enclosure of grinding operations, wet grinding or misting to suppress dust, and thorough housekeeping. When needed, appropriate PPE such as well-fitted respirators and eye protection should be used, along with training and safe-work procedures. Regulatory guidance on permissible exposure levels varies by jurisdiction, with authorities and organizations providing monitoring methods and protective standards.