hepatiittityyppejä

Hepatitis is a general term for inflammation of the liver. In Finnish, this is commonly referred to as "hepatiitti". There are several types of hepatitis, primarily categorized by their cause, most often viral infections.

The most common viral causes are Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A is typically spread through contaminated food or water and usually resolves on its own. Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids and can lead to chronic infection. Hepatitis C is also spread through blood contact and is a major cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Hepatitis D is a less common form that only occurs in individuals already infected with Hepatitis B. Hepatitis E is similar to Hepatitis A in its transmission and usually causes a self-limiting illness, though it can be severe in pregnant women.

Beyond viral causes, hepatitis can also be caused by toxins, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medications, and autoimmune diseases. Alcoholic hepatitis is a serious condition resulting from long-term heavy drinking. Autoimmune hepatitis occurs when the body's immune system attacks the liver. Drug-induced hepatitis can be a side effect of various medications.

Symptoms of hepatitis can vary but often include fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and dark urine. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to detect viral markers, liver enzymes, and antibodies, as well as imaging studies and sometimes a liver biopsy. Treatment depends on the cause and severity, ranging from supportive care and lifestyle changes to antiviral medications or immunosuppressants. Vaccination is available for Hepatitis A and B, offering effective prevention.