helinõrkusust

Helinõrkusust, also known as hyperacusis, is a hearing disorder characterized by an increased sensitivity to everyday sounds. Individuals with helinõrkusust may experience normal or even reduced hearing acuity, yet find common sounds to be uncomfortably loud, irritating, or even painful. This sensitivity can extend to a wide range of frequencies and sound intensities.

The causes of helinõrkusust are not fully understood, but it is often associated with damage to the auditory system, such as that caused by head trauma or exposure to loud noise. It can also be a symptom of other underlying conditions, including Meniere's disease, Lyme disease, certain neurological disorders like Bell's palsy, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Psychological factors such as anxiety and depression can also play a role in the perception and severity of hyperacusis.

Symptoms typically include discomfort, annoyance, or pain when exposed to sounds that most people find unremarkable. This can lead to avoidance of social situations, public places, and everyday activities, significantly impacting an individual's quality of life. The severity of helinõrkusust can vary greatly, from mild irritation to debilitating pain.

Diagnosis usually involves a thorough audiological evaluation to rule out other hearing problems and to assess the degree of sound sensitivity. Treatment approaches are varied and aim to manage symptoms rather than cure the condition. These may include sound therapy, which uses gradual exposure to a variety of sounds to help the brain habituate, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to address the emotional and psychological impact, and protective measures like earplugs in specific situations, though prolonged use of ear protection can sometimes worsen sensitivity.