gipszkarton

Gipszkarton, or plasterboard, is a panel consisting of a gypsum plaster core encased in a paper facing. It is primarily used for interior walls and ceilings, offering a smooth, paint-ready surface with relatively low weight compared with traditional plaster.

The gypsum core may include additives to enhance fire resistance, moisture tolerance, or strength. Common variants include standard gypsum boards, moisture-resistant boards for bathrooms and kitchens, and fire-rated or impact-resistant boards. In many markets the facing color codes indicate properties, for example blue or green paper.

Typical thicknesses are 9.5 mm, 12.5 mm and 15 mm, with sheet sizes commonly around 1200 × 2400 mm. Thicker or reinforced boards are available for higher load, impact resistance, or specific acoustic requirements.

Installation involves fixing sheets to wall or ceiling framing, using appropriate screws or nails for wood or metal studs. Joints are sealed with paper or fiberglass tape and joint compound, then sanded and finished with paint or wallpaper. Special care is taken in wet areas and for ceilings to ensure proper support and alignment.

Advantages include fast installation, light weight, ease of cutting to size, and a smooth finish suitable for painting. Limitations include unsuitability for exterior use without protective cladding, vulnerability to moisture and mold in damp conditions, and lack of structural load-bearing capacity, requiring framing for support. Regular maintenance focuses on preventing moisture intrusion and repairing damaged boards.

Gipszkarton is widely used in residential and commercial interiors as partitions, linings, and ceilings, often supplemented by insulation materials for sound or thermal performance. It is recyclable and widely manufactured to European standards.