félagshyggja

Félagshyggja is an Icelandic term that translates to "socialism" or "social democracy." It generally refers to a political ideology that advocates for a mixed economy with a strong social welfare system, collective ownership or control of the means of production, and a belief in social justice and equality. In the Icelandic context, félagshyggja has historically been a significant force in shaping the nation's political landscape and its welfare state.

Historically, félagshyggja in Iceland emerged from the labor movement in the early 20th century. It championed workers' rights, improved living conditions, and greater economic equality. Over time, the ideology evolved, often aligning with social democratic principles rather than more radical forms of socialism. This evolution led to the establishment of a comprehensive welfare state, characterized by universal healthcare, education, and social security programs, funded through progressive taxation.

Contemporary félagshyggja in Iceland is typically represented by social democratic and left-leaning political parties. While the degree of state intervention and the extent of collective ownership remain subjects of debate within the broader movement, the core tenets of social solidarity, equal opportunity, and a robust safety net continue to be central. The ideology influences policy decisions across various sectors, aiming to balance economic growth with social well-being and to mitigate the inequalities that can arise in a market economy.