fuelinjected

Fuel-injected refers to engines or systems that deliver fuel to the combustion chamber by injection rather than through a carburetor. In a fuel-injected system, a pump pressurizes fuel and injectors spray precise amounts into the intake or directly into the combustion chamber. The amount and timing are controlled by an electronic control unit or other controls, using sensors to adapt to engine load, speed, temperature, and air density.

The technology emerged in early experiments and racing applications and gradually became standard in production vehicles from the 1980s onward. Configurations include port fuel injection, where fuel is injected into the intake ports; throttle body or single-point injection; and sequential multi-point injection, where individual injectors serve specific cylinders. Direct injection, which injects fuel directly into the combustion chamber, is common in many modern gasoline engines and is distinct from diesel common-rail systems.

Advantages of fuel injection include more precise fuel metering, improved fuel economy, better throttle response, and lower emissions compared with carbureted systems. Direct injection can enable higher compression and more aggressive turbocharging. Drawbacks can include greater mechanical and electronic complexity, higher repair costs, and potential for deposits on intake valves in some port-injected designs.

Today, fuel-injected systems are the standard in most gasoline and diesel engines worldwide, with ongoing refinements in injector technology, sensors, and control strategies to optimize performance and efficiency.