forvridning

Forvridning is a term used in Norwegian and Danish to denote twisting or distortion. It refers to the angular displacement that occurs when an object is subjected to torque or when a system departs from its original geometry. The term derives from the verb vrida (to twist) with the prefix for- indicating action or effect.

In science and engineering, forvridning is commonly called torsion. In a shaft or rod, torsion produces shear stress and a twist angle proportional to the applied torque and the material's properties (shear modulus) and length. The key measures are the angle of twist per unit length and the shear stress. Torsional deformation is distinct from bending or axial compression and has characteristic warping in beams.

Medically, forvridning of a joint refers to a twisting motion beyond the joint's normal range, often resulting in a sprain or dislocation. Common examples include an ankle forvridning or knee forvridning. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and limited movement. Treatment typically involves rest, immobilization, ice, compression, and gradual rehabilitation; severe cases may require imaging or reduction.

Geology and earth science: forvridning describes deformation where rocks experience shear or twisting, producing structures like shear zones, folds, or lineations.

Ongoing usage: in optics, acoustics or linguistics, the term may describe distortion or aberration; in everyday language it can refer to any distortion of a signal, image, or statement.

See also: torsion, torsional deformation, sprain, strain.