fluoresceinangiograafiat

Fluoresceinangiograafiat, commonly known as fluorescein angiography, is a diagnostic imaging technique that visualizes the blood vessels in the retina and choroid of the eye. The procedure involves intravenous injection of fluorescein sodium, a bright green fluorescent dye that binds to plasma proteins. As the dye circulates, a specialized camera equipped with a green light filter captures a series of rapid photographs while the dye passes through the ocular vasculature.

The images produced reveal the dynamics of blood flow, capillary filling, and leakage patterns. Clinicians most often use fluoresceinangiograafiat to diagnose and monitor conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal vascular occlusions, age‑related macular degeneration, and various inflammatory or infectious retinal disorders. It can also be employed in pre‑operative planning for complex retinal surgeries and in evaluating retinal perfusion after therapeutic interventions.

Normal retinal angiograms show a well‑defined arterial phase where the dye first appears in the retinal arterioles, followed by a venous phase with dye accumulation in venules. Abnormalities appear as hyperfluorescence indicating leakage or hypofluorescence suggesting blockage. Modern digital angioscopes improve image quality and allow quantitative analysis of vessel leakage and dye transit time.

The technique was introduced in the late 1960s and rapidly became a cornerstone of retinal imaging. While generally safe, contraindications include hypersensitivity to fluorescein or severe renal impairment. Common side effects are mild nausea, flushing, or headache, and rare severe reactions include anaphylaxis. The procedure requires careful monitoring of the patient and adherence to dosage guidelines to minimize risks.

Fluoresceinangiograafiat remains an essential tool in ophthalmology, providing vital information that guides treatment decisions and helps track disease progression or response to therapy.