fluidtechnische

Fluidtechnik, or fluid technology, is the branch of engineering that deals with the generation, control, and use of fluids—primarily liquids and gases—in technical systems. It covers the transmission of power, actuation of motion, lubrication, cooling, and process control. The field is commonly divided into hydraulik (hydraulics) and pneumatik (pneumatics), with related areas such as fluid handling, lubrication technology, and fluid conditioning.

Hydraulik uses incompressible liquids under pressure to generate large forces and precise movement, often in machine tools, presses, and heavy machinery. Pneumatik relies on compressed gases to transmit energy, enabling fast actuation and simple control in automation, robotics, and safety devices. Both subfields rely on components such as pumps or compressors, actuators (cylinders and motors), valves, reservoirs, piping or tubing, and sensors or controllers to regulate pressure, flow, and force.

Fluids chosen for fluidtechnik include mineral oil-based and synthetic hydraulic fluids, water-based fluids, and compressed air or other gases. Fluid properties such as viscosity, density, lubricity, dielectric strength, and chemical compatibility with materials determine performance, efficiency, and safety. Cleanliness and filtration are critical, as contaminants can cause wear, leaks, or malfunction.

Applications span industrial automation, machine tooling, construction and agricultural machinery, automotive braking and steering systems, aviation, and energy production. Design considerations focus on safety, efficiency, reliability, leak prevention, material compatibility, and maintenance planning, often guided by standards and guidelines for hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Emerging trends emphasize energy-efficient fluid power, digital condition monitoring, and smarter control strategies to optimize performance and reduce waste.