flightsimulation

Flight simulation is the replication of the flight and handling characteristics of aircraft for purposes such as pilot training, aircraft design, research, and entertainment. It encompasses computer-based simulations that reproduce aerodynamics, physics, avionics, weather, and air traffic control, as well as hardware-in-the-loop systems that combine physical cockpit components with software models.

Training use includes full-flight simulators (FFS) with motion platforms and certification to meet aviation authority standards; lower-fidelity devices such as flight training devices (FTD) and cockpit procedures trainers (CPT) used for specific tasks and procedures. Desktop and mobile simulators provide access to broad audiences for practice and exploration, while high-end systems may feature wraparound visuals, precise motion cues, and realistic cockpit layouts.

Regulatory and safety: In civil aviation, many simulated sessions count toward pilot licensing and recurrent training when conducted on approved equipment and programs by authorities such as the FAA or EASA; certification processes specify fidelity, instrumentation, and data recording requirements.

Software and hardware: Flight simulation software ranges from professional-grade programs used by airlines and manufacturers to consumer applications for hobbyists. Professional sims emphasize accurate aerodynamics, systems modeling, and procedures, while consumer titles focus on navigation, scenery, and entertainment. Hardware spans from basic yokes, throttles, and rudder pedals to full-motion cockpits, motion platforms, and virtual reality interfaces.