fieldprogrammed

Field-programmable refers to electronic devices whose function can be configured or reprogrammed by the end-user or designer after manufacturing. This contrasts with fixed-function integrated circuits, where the logic is permanently embedded during the fabrication process. The most common examples of field-programmable devices are Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs).

FPGAs are semiconductor devices containing programmable logic blocks and programmable interconnects. These blocks can be configured to perform a wide range of digital logic functions, and the interconnects allow these blocks to be wired together in virtually any combination. This flexibility makes FPGAs suitable for prototyping, custom hardware acceleration, and applications where evolving requirements necessitate design changes without needing to manufacture new chips.

CPLDs are another type of programmable logic device, generally simpler and smaller than FPGAs. They typically offer a predictable timing model and are often used for "glue logic," control functions, and simpler digital designs.

The ability to reconfigure these devices in the "field" (i.e., after the device has been manufactured and deployed) allows for design updates, bug fixes, and adaptation to new standards or functionalities without requiring physical replacement of the hardware. This programmability is achieved through special configuration memory within the device, which is loaded with instructions defining the logic and interconnections.