fósturslitlaheilkenni

Fósturslitlaheilkenni, known in English as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), is a range of conditions that can affect a person who was exposed to alcohol before birth. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause a variety of physical, cognitive, and behavioral problems in the developing fetus. These effects can vary widely in severity and presentation depending on factors such as the amount and timing of alcohol exposure, as well as individual maternal and fetal characteristics.

Individuals with FASD may experience facial anomalies, such as a smooth philtrum (the ridge between the nose and upper lip), thin upper lip, and small eye openings. Growth deficits, including being smaller in height and weight than average, are also common. Neurological and developmental issues can include intellectual disabilities, learning difficulties, problems with memory and attention, and challenges with executive functioning, such as planning and impulse control. Behavioral problems like hyperactivity, poor social skills, and difficulty with emotional regulation can also be present.

There is no cure for FASD, but early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes. Support services may include educational assistance, behavioral therapy, and case management. Prevention is key, and the safest approach is complete abstinence from alcohol during pregnancy. Healthcare providers strongly advise against any alcohol consumption while pregnant due to the irreversible damage it can cause to the developing fetus.