equanimity

Equanimity is a mental or emotional state characterized by even-mindedness, composure, and balance of perception, especially under stress or in response to strong emotions. It involves nonreactivity to changing circumstances, acceptance of reality as it is, and a sense of steadiness that persists across both success and failure.

Etymology: from Latin aequanimus, aequus “equal” plus animus “mind” or “spirit,” the term originally conveyed the sense of an even, untroubled mind. It appears in many ethical and spiritual traditions as a desirable attitude toward both pleasant and unpleasant experiences.

Religious and philosophical contexts: In Buddhism, upekkha (equanimity) is a central quality among the four Brahmaviharas, cultivated through meditation to maintain balance without attachment or aversion. In Stoicism, a related ideal involves maintaining composure in the face of fortune by aligning one’s judgments with reason rather than passion. Both traditions treat equanimity as a trained disposition rather than a passive state.

Psychological perspective and practice: In modern psychology, equanimity resembles emotional regulation and resilience—the ability to experience emotions without becoming overwhelmed while still acting in accordance with values. It can be cultivated through mindfulness practice, cognitive reappraisal, acceptance strategies, and gradual exposure to discomfort, with research linking it to reduced rumination and improved well-being.

Distinctions and limitations: Equanimity is not indifference or numbness; it is a stable, compassionate engagement with reality that supports appropriate response. It varies across situations and individuals and is best regarded as a skill that can be developed rather than a fixed trait.