entraînés

Entraînés is the masculine plural past participle of the French verb entraîner. As an adjective it means "trained" or "taught" and agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. It is commonly used to describe people or animals that have undergone training or practice, for example: des chiens entraînés, des athlètes entraînés, des soldats entraînés. The feminine forms are entraînée (singular) and entraînées (plural). The word also occurs in reflexive form as s'entraîner, meaning "to train oneself" or "to practice," as in Ils s'entraînent tous les jours.

Grammatical notes: when used with the auxiliary être in the passé composé, entraînés agrees with the subject (Ils sont entraînés). When used transitively with avoir, the participle may also bear agreement if the direct object precedes the verb (Les soldats qu'ils ont entraînés se sont préparés). Beyond its sense related to training, the verb entrouître has a broader meaning of causing or bringing about, for example Cela peut entraîner des coûts, meaning "This may entail costs." In such uses, the participle entraîne is part of a verbal construction rather than an adjectival phrase.

Étymologie: entraînés derives from Old French entrainer, formed with en- plus tirer (to drag) and related to the modern sense of leading someone or something through practice to improve a skill. The noun entraînement (training, drill) shares the same root.

Utilization: entraînés is common in sports, military, education, animal training, and contexts where skill development or conditioning is described. It remains a versatile term for indicating a state achieved through practice or instruction.