endovenøse

Endovenous therapy refers to medical procedures that close a vein from inside its lumen to treat venous insufficiency and varicose veins. Common techniques include endovenous laser therapy (EVLT), endovenous radiofrequency ablation (RFA), chemical endovenous ablation using sclerosants or adhesives (such as cyanoacrylate glue), and, less commonly, endovenous mechanical methods. These approaches contrast with traditional open vein stripping and ligation, which remove or tie off veins through an incision.

Indications typically include symptomatic varicose veins, edema, skin changes, or chronic venous insufficiency, often with reflux identified on duplex ultrasound. The great saphenous vein and the small saphenous vein are common targets. Under ultrasound guidance, a catheter is inserted into the affected vein under local anesthesia; energy or chemical is delivered along a segment to damage the endothelium, causing occlusion and fibrous closure of the vein. After the procedure, compression stockings are usually worn for a period, and most patients are discharged the same day.

Outcomes are generally favorable, with high closure rates and rapid improvement in symptoms. Many patients experience swift relief of leg heaviness or pain and can resume normal activities within a few days. Endovenous techniques are valued for being less invasive than surgery, often requiring only local anesthesia and less recovery time. Long-term durability is good for many patients, though some varices may recur, necessitating further treatment.

Potential complications are typically uncommon but can include endovenous heat-induced thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, nerve injury leading to numbness, superficial thrombophlebitis, skin burns, pigment changes, or persistent pain. Proper technique, pre-procedure duplex mapping, and appropriate post-procedure care minimize risks.