endokondroosi

Endokondroosi, also known as juvenile endochondrosis, is a developmental disorder that affects the cartilage of growing animals, most commonly horses, foals, and some other domesticated species. The condition originates when necrotic bone tissue within the growth plate or cartilage cap fails to remodel properly, leading to gaps and unstable cartilage that can collapse and become infected.

In foals the disease typically appears between three and twelve months of age, while adult horses may develop the condition after a severe injury or after repetitive loading of a limb. Clinical signs include lameness that may be intermittent or progressive, swelling, heat, and occasionally a sudden fall or collapse of the affected limb. The severity of symptoms correlates with the extent of cartilage damage and the presence of secondary infection.

Diagnosis is made through a combination of physical examination, radiographic imaging, ultrasound, and, in some cases, advanced imaging such as CT or MRI. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, preventing infection, and promoting arthrodesis or osteotomy in severe cases. Anti‑inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, and long‑term rest are standard medical interventions, while surgical options may include debridement of necrotic tissue, joint lavage, and stabilization of fractures. Rehabilitation protocols often require controlled exercise and gradual reintroduction of weight bearing.

Prevention strategies emphasize early detection of breeding and training strain, maintaining proper nutrition, and monitoring hoof development. Proper stall management, careful use of footwear, and timely intervention in cases of trauma can lower the risk of endokondroosi. Although the disease can be irreversible, early diagnosis and comprehensive management improve the chances of a full recovery and retention of athletic potential.