ekologisilta

An ekologisilta, often translated as an ecological bridge or wildlife crossing, is a structure designed to allow animals to safely cross human-made barriers such as roads, railways, or canals. These structures are built to reconnect fragmented habitats, which are often divided by infrastructure development. By providing a safe passage, ekologisiltoja aim to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions and mitigate the negative impacts of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity.

These bridges can take various forms, including overpasses, underpasses, and green bridges. Overpasses are elevated structures that allow animals to cross above the barrier, often planted with vegetation to mimic their natural environment. Underpasses are tunnels or culverts that allow animals to pass beneath the barrier. Green bridges are a type of overpass that are fully vegetated, creating a seamless extension of the surrounding landscape. The design and placement of an ekologisilta are crucial for its effectiveness and are typically determined by factors such as the types of animals in the area, the surrounding landscape, and the specific barrier being crossed.

The implementation of ekologisiltoja is a key component of wildlife conservation strategies in many countries. They contribute to maintaining genetic diversity by allowing animal populations to move between different areas, preventing isolation and inbreeding. Furthermore, by reducing the number of animals on roads, these structures also enhance road safety for humans. Studies have shown that well-designed and located wildlife crossings can significantly reduce wildlife mortality and improve connectivity for a wide range of species, from large mammals to smaller terrestrial animals and even amphibians.