dielektrisyysvakioon
Dielektrisyysvakioon, often translated as dielectric breakdown, refers to the sudden conversion of an insulating material into a conductor when subjected to an electric field exceeding its dielectric strength. The phenomenon arises when the external electric field forces charge carriers—usually electrons—to acquire sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the band gap of the insulator or to tunnel across it. Once a localized conductive path forms, a rapid surge of current flows, potentially damaging the material and any connected circuitry.
The critical field at which breakdown occurs depends on material composition, purity, and structural defects. Crystalline
In practical applications, dielectric breakdown limits the design of high‑voltage insulation in power transformers, capacitors, and
Mitigation strategies involve selecting materials with high intrinsic dielectric strength, applying surface coatings to suppress field