cowhide

Cowhide refers to the hide of cattle that is prepared for use as leather. It is the most common type of leather due to the size and availability of cattle hides. In trade, cowhide can describe the raw hide before tanning or the finished leather produced from it. It varies in grain, texture, and thickness and is widely used in fashion, upholstery, and a range of industrial products.

Processing and grades: Most cowhide is tanned to prevent decay and impart flexibility. Common tanning methods include chrome tanning and vegetable tanning. After tanning, hides may be finished to alter color or feel. Grading distinguishes full-grain (retains the natural grain surface), top-grain (surface is altered or sanded), corrected-grain (affixed with an artificial finish), and splits (lower layers, often used for suede or microfleece-like materials). Hair-on hides are used for decorative purposes and some upholstery.

Uses and properties: Cowhide is valued for durability, abrasion resistance, and workability. It is used for footwear, belts, jackets, saddlery, and furniture upholstery, including car interiors. Thickness varies widely and depends on grade and intended use; typical cowhide ranges from roughly 1 to 4 millimeters.

Care and sustainability: Care involves regular cleaning and conditioning, avoiding prolonged moisture and direct sunlight, and using protective coatings where appropriate. Cowhide is a byproduct of the beef and dairy industries, and tanning involves chemical processes. There is ongoing interest in more sustainable methods and sourcing, such as vegetable tanning and responsible supply chains.