commando

Commando refers to a member of a small, highly trained military unit tasked with raids, reconnaissance, and irregular warfare. Commandos operate behind enemy lines, often using speed, surprise, and mobility. They rely on light equipment, specialized skills, and high physical fitness to strike undefended targets, gather intelligence, or disrupt enemy operations before withdrawing.

Origin and history: The term derives from early 20th-century European and colonial usage and gained prominence during the Second World War with British Commandos, formed in 1940 to conduct raids against Axis targets in Europe and elsewhere. Commandos were trained for amphibious assaults, airborne raids, demolition, and long-range reconnaissance. The concept emphasized initiative, flexibility, small-unit tactics, and cooperation with surrounding forces. After the war, many commando formations were reorganized into modern special forces or integrated into conventional light infantry, retaining the tradition of rapid, independent action.

Organization and roles: In different countries, commando units may exist as separate formations within special forces, or as designation for elite infantry battalions or marine units. Common features include rigorous selection, specialized training in weapons, demolitions, climbing, and survival, and a focus on raids, reconnaissance, or counter-terrorism tasks rather than conventional front-line combat.

In culture and media: The term appears in film, literature, and video games, sometimes enhancing the image of elite troops. Notable historical examples include the British Commandos of World War II; the term has since become a generic label for similar light-infantry or special-operations units worldwide.