coaxkabels

Coaxkabels, or coaxial cables, are a type of electrical cable designed to carry high-frequency signals with low loss and good shielding. They achieve this by a central conductor surrounded by a dielectric insulating layer, which is itself enclosed by a concentric conducting shield and an outer jacket. The shield helps contain the signal and minimize electromagnetic interference.

The construction typically includes a copper conductor, a dielectric insulator such as polyethylene or PTFE, a metallic shield made of braided copper or aluminum foil (often both), and an outer jacket made from PVC or polyethylene. Impedance is a key characteristic and is matched to the intended system, commonly 50 ohms for radio and data applications and 75 ohms for television and video.

Coaxkabels are widely used for cable television, satellite reception, broadband internet (via DOCSIS networks), CCTV, and radio antennas. Variants include 75-ohm types like RG-6 and RG-59 for video and distribution, and 50-ohm types like RG-58 for RF and networking. Attenuation increases with frequency and length, so installation often requires considering run distance and connectors.

Connectors such as F-type, BNC, RCA, and SMA are used to join coaxial cables to equipment, with careful impedance matching at connections to prevent reflections. Advantages of coaxkabels include relatively low RF loss and strong shielding; disadvantages include the need for proper connectors and the finite distance over which signals can propagate without repeaters. They come in multiple impedance, shielding, and jacket options and are governed by various industry standards for specific applications.