clonális

Clonális refers to something that is a clone or originates from a clone. In biology, a clone is an organism or cell that is genetically identical to the original cell or organism from which it was derived. This identical genetic makeup is achieved through asexual reproduction, where no mixing of genetic material from two parents occurs. Natural cloning can happen in various organisms, such as bacteria that divide asexually, or plants that reproduce vegetatively from cuttings or runners.

The concept of clonális also extends to artificial cloning, where scientists create genetically identical copies of organisms or cells. This can involve techniques like somatic cell nuclear transfer, famously used to create Dolly the sheep. In a broader sense, clonális can describe any group of cells or organisms that share the same genetic origin, regardless of whether that origin is natural or artificial. This term is fundamental in understanding genetics, reproduction, and biotechnology, playing a role in fields ranging from evolutionary biology to medicine. For example, a tumor is often described as clonális because it arises from the uncontrolled proliferation of a single mutated cell.