carcinomatoza

Carcinomatosis is a medical term that describes the widespread dissemination of carcinoma, a type of cancer that originates in epithelial cells, throughout the body. This condition signifies that the cancer has spread from its primary site to multiple other locations, often involving serous membranes like the peritoneum, pleura, or pericardium. It is a sign of advanced cancer and indicates a poor prognosis.

The development of carcinomatosis typically occurs when cancer cells detach from the primary tumor, enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and then implant and grow in new sites. The peritoneum, the membrane lining the abdominal cavity, is a common site for carcinomatosis, particularly in cancers of the ovary, stomach, colon, and pancreas. This peritoneal carcinomatosis can lead to significant symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and ascites (fluid buildup in the abdomen).

Pleural carcinomatosis involves the spread of cancer to the pleura, the membranes surrounding the lungs. This can cause shortness of breath, chest pain, and pleural effusions (fluid buildup in the chest cavity). Pericardial carcinomatosis affects the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart, and can lead to symptoms of heart failure.

Diagnosis of carcinomatosis often involves imaging techniques such as CT scans, MRIs, or PET scans, along with biopsies of suspicious areas. Treatment strategies for carcinomatosis are generally palliative, focusing on managing symptoms and improving quality of life, rather than curative. These may include chemotherapy, targeted therapies, immunotherapy, or surgical interventions to relieve pressure or remove fluid collections.