caduceus

The caduceus is a staff traditionally depicted with two serpents entwined around it and often topped by wings. It is most commonly associated with Hermes (Mercury in Roman mythology), the swift messenger of the gods, and has long served as a symbol connected with heralds, negotiation, and commerce.

In classical iconography, Hermes’ caduceus represents his role as a mediator and guide, capable of moving freely between worlds and quelling disputes. The intertwining serpents and the winged staff have been interpreted in various ways, including as symbols of balance, duality, and swiftness, though meanings can vary by culture and era.

In modern usage, the caduceus is frequently employed as a symbol of medicine and healthcare in the United States, appearing on medical insignia, uniforms, and logos. This association with medicine is a historical peculiarity and is often contrasted with the Rod of Asclepius, which features a single serpent entwined around a staff and has no wings. The Rod of Asclepius is the traditional emblem of healing and is linked to Asclepius, the Greek god of medicine. Because of its familiarity, many organizations use the caduceus as a medical symbol despite the Rod of Asclepius being more traditionally connected to health and healing in classical mythology.

Variants of the caduceus exist in different artistic styles, with wings and serpents depicted in diverse poses around the central staff. The symbol’s interpretation and usage continue to vary across cultures and contexts.