barong

Barong is a term used in multiple Southeast Asian cultures to denote distinct concepts in clothing and mythology. In the Philippines, Barong Tagalog, often shortened to Barong, is a lightweight formal shirt worn by men. It is typically made from translucent fabrics such as piña (pineapple fiber) or jusi (silk-like fiber) and is worn untucked over an undershirt. The Barong Tagalog is usually long-sleeved and features fine embroidery, known as delicado, on the chest and front panels. Because the fabric is semi-transparent, an undershirt is commonly worn. The Barong Tagalog is regarded as formal or ceremonial attire in the Philippines and is worn at weddings, state functions, and other important events. The style emerged during the Spanish colonial period and has become a symbol of Filipino national dress in its formal form.

In Balinese culture, Barong refers to a protective, benevolent spirit central to Balinese Hinduism. Barong is depicted as a lion-like creature and serves as a guardian against evil within temple rituals and community ceremonies. The Barong is most famous in the Barong dance, a traditional performance in which a Barong and a Rangda (the demon queen) represent the forces of good and evil. The Barong costume, often called Barong Ket in its most common form, is a large, ornate mask and body outfit worn by dancers. The performance is performed at festivals and religious ceremonies, reflecting Balinese beliefs in balance and protection.

Both uses of Barong share a cultural function—significance in formal life or ritual practice—yet they occupy very different domains: attire in the Philippines and mythic performance in Bali.