armchair

An armchair is a type of chair designed for comfort, featuring one or more armrests at about elbow height. It is typically upholstered and padded, intended for longer periods of sitting such as reading or conversation. The term distinguishes such chairs from armless seating and from dining chairs, reflecting their emphasis on comfort and support.

Armchairs have a long history across cultures. In antiquity, chairs with arms appeared in elite settings, and in Europe they became associated with comfortable, upholstered seating in the 17th through 19th centuries. Influential varieties include the fauteuil (a French upholstered armchair with expressive form) and the English club chair, as well as wing chairs with high backs that provided shelter and support. In contemporary design, armchairs range from traditional, ornate forms to minimalist, streamlined frames and reclining models.

Common types include wing chairs, club chairs, tub chairs, and Chesterfield-style armchairs. Features vary widely and can include fabric or leather upholstery, wood or metal frames, and padding of foam or down. Some armchairs incorporate reclining mechanisms, swivel bases, or other ergonomic adjustments. When evaluating comfort, considerations include seat height and depth, back support, and the placement and shape of the arms to support the shoulders and forearms.

Armchairs are widely used in living rooms, studies, and public lounges, often arranged with sofas or around a coffee table to facilitate conversation and relaxation. The term also appears in metaphorical expressions, such as “armchair philosopher” or “armchair general,” describing people who discuss ideas or plan actions without direct involvement in the activity.