The local geography is characterised by gently sloping plains and fertile alluvial soil that support a mix of rainfed and irrigated agriculture. The climate is tropical, with a pronounced dry season from January to April, a hot period between May to September, and a monsoon influx in October and November. Annual rainfall averages 800 mm, primarily from the southwest monsoon, making the region suitable for cultivation of millets, pulses, and irrigated cash crops such as sugarcane and cotton.
According to the 2011 Indian Census, Arangur had a population of approximately 2,500 inhabitants, predominantly belonging to the Vanniyar and Kallar communities. Tamil is the principal language, and the village observes mainstream Tamil Nadu festivals including Pongal, Tamil New Year, and the annual Arangur Rathasaptha, a local pilgrimage that attracts visitors from neighbouring villages. Traditional folklore and folk music are integral to the communal life of the village.
Agriculture remains the primary economic activity, with grain production supplemented by coconut and banana orchards. Several families also engage in small-scale weaving and pottery, industries that have been passed down through generations. Non‑farm employment in the nearby towns provides supplementary income for many households. Labour migration to the Gulf and Singapore is also a notable source of remittances for some families.
Infrastructure in Arangur includes a primary school that offers education up to grade 7, a basic health sub‑centre staffed by a visiting medical officer, and a community hall used for meetings, cultural performances, and disaster relief coordination. The village is connected to the national road network via a 15‑km gravel route leading to the state highway that links to major urban centres. Public transport is limited, with a few daily bus services operating between Arangur and neighbouring towns, and residents frequently rely on auto-rickshaws to reach markets and educational institutions.