angioedeemaa

Angioedema is a serious swelling that occurs deep within the skin. It often affects the face, lips, tongue, throat, and sometimes the limbs or genitals. Unlike hives, which are itchy and superficial, angioedema is typically not itchy but can be painful or cause a burning sensation. The swelling can develop rapidly, sometimes within minutes, and can be life-threatening if it affects the airway, leading to breathing difficulties.

There are two main types of angioedema. Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of a protein called C1 inhibitor. This leads to recurrent episodes of swelling. Acquired angioedema is less common and can be associated with other medical conditions, such as autoimmune disorders or certain types of cancer, or can be a side effect of medications, particularly ACE inhibitors used to treat high blood pressure.

Diagnosis of angioedema usually involves a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes blood tests to check C1 inhibitor levels or other related factors. Treatment depends on the cause and severity. For mild cases, antihistamines or corticosteroids may be used. For severe or life-threatening swelling, especially in HAE, specific medications that target the underlying pathways are available. Prompt medical attention is crucial for any suspected case of angioedema, particularly if breathing is affected.