adipokiinien

Adipokiines are a group of signaling proteins, also known as adipocytokines, secreted primarily by adipose tissue. This specialized connective tissue, commonly known as body fat, plays a far more active role in metabolism and inflammation than was previously understood, largely due to the production of these molecules. Adipokiines mediate a wide range of physiological functions, influencing processes such as glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and inflammation.

Key examples of adipokiines include leptin, which regulates appetite and energy expenditure, and adiponectin, known for its insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory effects. Other important adipokiines include resistin and visfatin. The balance and secretion of these proteins are crucial for maintaining metabolic homeostasis.

Dysregulation in adipokiine production and signaling is implicated in various metabolic and inflammatory diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers. For instance, elevated levels of certain pro-inflammatory adipokiines are often observed in obese individuals, contributing to insulin resistance. Conversely, reduced levels of adiponectin are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Research into adipokiines continues to unravel their complex roles and potential as therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders.