mediate

Mediate is a verb meaning to act as an intermediary to help two or more parties reach an agreement or settlement. It can also mean to influence an outcome indirectly through an intermediary or to convey something between parties. In everyday usage, to mediate a dispute is to assist negotiation by offering structure, options, and communication, rather than to decide the outcome.

Etymology traces mediate to Latin mediat- “in the middle,” via French and other Romance languages. In addition to conflict resolution, the term is used in science to describe a substance or mechanism that serves as an intermediary in a process, such as a molecule that mediates a biochemical signal or a catalyst that mediates a reaction.

In conflict resolution, a mediator is a neutral third party who helps the disputing sides explore interests, generate options, and draft a voluntary agreement. The process often includes opening statements, joint discussions, private caucuses, option development, and the drafting of a settlement. Mediation is typically confidential and nonbinding unless the parties reach and formalize a written agreement; participation is usually voluntary, and the mediator does not impose a decision.

Advantages of mediation include preserving relationships, flexibility, and lower cost or time compared with litigation. Its limits include no guaranteed resolution, potential power imbalances, and the possibility that a party may not honor an agreement without enforceable terms. Mediate should not be used where prompt legal remedies, coercive authority, or statutory judgments are required.

See also: mediation, mediator, arbitration, negotiation, conciliation.