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Acetone, also known by its chemical formula C3H6O, is a colorless, volatile, and flammable organic solvent characterized by a distinctive sweet odor. It is the simplest ketone, consisting of three carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom arranged in a carbonyl group bonded to two methyl groups. Acetone is highly soluble in water, as well as in alcohols, ethers, and oils, making it a versatile solvent in various industrial and domestic applications.

In industry, acetone is commonly used as a solvent in the manufacture of plastics, synthetic fibers, and other chemicals. It is a key component in products such as nail polish remover, paint thinners, and cleaning agents. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances makes it valuable for cleaning and degreasing surfaces. Acetone also serves as a starting material in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, plastics, and other chemicals.

Biologically, acetone is produced naturally in small quantities through the metabolic process of fat breakdown in humans and animals. It is a type of ketone body, formed in the liver during periods of fasting or low carbohydrate intake, and can be detected in breath, blood, and urine during ketosis.

Chemically, acetone is notable for its high volatility and flammability, requiring careful handling and storage. It readily evaporates into the atmosphere, contributing to VOC (volatile organic compound) emissions, which can impact air quality and contribute to smog formation.

Due to its widespread use, acetone is classified as a flammable liquid and a hazardous substance. While generally considered safe when used properly, exposure to high concentrations can cause irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory system.