abstemious

Abstemious is an adjective describing restraint or moderation in the consumption of food and drink. It characterizes behavior that avoids excess, emphasizing temperance rather than total abstinence. The term can apply to a person’s diet, lifestyle, or manner of eating and drinking in social or ceremonial contexts.

Etymology and relation to other terms: Abstemious comes from the Latin abstemius, meaning abstaining from drink, from ab- “away from” and temetum “drink.” It entered English in the early modern period. The word is often noted for its sequence of vowels (a, e, i, o, u) in order, a trait that is frequently cited in word lore alongside facetious.

Usage and nuances: Abstemious describes moderation in consumption without implying complete renunciation. It is distinct from abstinent or ascetic, which can imply heavier self-denial. In everyday language, it is used to discuss measured eating and drinking habits, dietary choices, or a generally restrained lifestyle, sometimes in a historical or moralizing context.

Examples of application: An abstemious diet limits indulgence in rich foods and alcohol; an abstemious host provides simple fare and moderate portions. In literature and discourse, the term often conveys a balanced, self-controlled approach to consumption.

See also: temperance, moderation, abstinence, asceticism, self-control.