Ziehgeschwindigkeit

Ziehgeschwindigkeit is a German engineering term that literally means "drawing speed" and denotes the linear speed at which a workpiece or material is pulled through a die, tool or forming gap during drawing processes. It functions as a primary process parameter in operations such as deep drawing of sheet metal, wire and rod drawing, polymer film drawing and tube drawing.

As an operational parameter, Ziehgeschwindigkeit is usually specified as a linear speed (e.g., mm/s, m/min, m/s) of the blank, punch, or drawing bench. Its local effect on the material is commonly expressed in terms of strain rate (s^-1), which depends on geometry and deformation conditions rather than on speed alone. Typical values vary widely with process type, material and tooling.

Ziehgeschwindigkeit influences material behaviour, temperature rise, friction, lubrication performance, die wear and product quality. Higher speeds tend to increase strain-rate hardening and adiabatic heating, can reduce achievable drawing ratio or increase thinning and wrinkling risks, and may alter lubrication regimes. Lower speeds can improve formability in some materials but reduce throughput.

Control and optimization of Ziehgeschwindigkeit are integral to process design and are achieved by equipment selection (servo drives, draw benches), lubrication strategy, die design, temperature control and numerical simulation (finite-element analysis). It is a key variable in industrial production balancing productivity, component integrity and tool life, and remains a subject of applied research in materials forming and tribology.