Xiphoidalgia
Xiphoidalgia, also called xiphodynia, is pain localized to the xiphoid process, the small cartilaginous extension at the inferior end of the sternum. The pain is typically in the lower sternum and may be sharp, dull, or achy. It is often reproducible on palpation of the xiphoid area and can be worsened by bending forward, lifting, deep breathing, coughing, or activity. Onset can follow chest trauma, heavy coughing, prior sternotomy, or prolonged strain, but may occur without a trigger.
Common causes include musculoskeletal strain, costoxiphoid or sternoxiphoid joint arthropathy, inflammation of the xiphoid cartilage, and
Diagnosis is clinical. If red flags such as persistent severe chest pain, dyspnea, syncope, fever, or signs
Management is mainly conservative: patient education, avoidance of known triggers, NSAIDs or acetaminophen for pain, topical
Prognosis is typically favorable, with most patients improving with conservative measures within weeks to months. Chronic