Vækstpladefrakturer

Vækstpladefrakturer, also known as epiphyseal plate fractures or physis fractures, are breaks that occur in the growth plate of a long bone in children and adolescents. The growth plate, or physis, is a layer of cartilage located near the ends of long bones where new bone tissue is formed, allowing the bone to grow in length. These fractures are unique to skeletally immature individuals because once skeletal maturity is reached, the growth plate ossifies and becomes part of the bone.

The exact cause of a growth plate fracture is typically trauma, such as a fall, sports injury, or direct blow to the bone. The severity of the fracture can vary, ranging from a minor crack to a complete displacement of the growth plate from the bone shaft. Symptoms often include pain, swelling, and tenderness at the affected site. The child may also have difficulty bearing weight or moving the injured limb.

Diagnosis is usually made through physical examination and X-rays. In some cases, an MRI or CT scan may be necessary for a more detailed view. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the fracture, as well as the specific location and the child's age. Some fractures can be managed with non-surgical methods like casting or splinting, while others may require surgical intervention to realign the bone fragments and ensure proper healing.

The primary concern with growth plate fractures is the potential for long-term complications, particularly if the fracture disrupts the growth plate's ability to produce new bone. This can lead to premature closure of the growth plate, resulting in limb length discrepancies or angular deformities. Close monitoring by a medical professional is crucial throughout the healing process to minimize these risks and ensure optimal functional recovery.