Voxelbased

Voxelbased refers to representations, algorithms, and applications that use voxels as the fundamental unit of three-dimensional space. A voxel, or volumetric pixel, is a value attached to a regular grid cell in 3D, carrying properties such as density, color, opacity, or material. In voxelbased systems, space is discretized into uniform cubes, and the overall scene or dataset is defined by the collection of these voxels. Data can be stored densely as a 3D array or managed sparsely with structures such as sparse voxel octrees to handle large worlds with limited memory.

Rendering and processing in voxelbased workflows often rely on volumetric techniques. Rendering commonly uses ray casting or ray marching through the voxel grid to determine visible surfaces and volumes. Surface extraction can convert voxel data to polygonal meshes via methods such as marching cubes or dual contouring. Voxelization is the process of converting polygonal geometry into voxel form, enabling operations like boolean volume editing and physical simulations.

Applications span medical imaging, scientific visualization, volumetric rendering, and 3D printing, as well as voxelbased game engines and tools that emulate blocky or highly editable worlds. Advantages include straightforward implementation of boolean operations, dynamic editing, and direct handling of volumetric phenomena. Disadvantages encompass high memory requirements for dense grids, potential blockiness at limited resolutions, and performance challenges for large or high-detail datasets.

Variants include dense voxel grids and sparse voxel representations such as sparse voxel octrees, which optimize storage and access. Voxelbased approaches continue to influence real-time rendering, simulation, and editable 3D content creation.