Vorübungen

Vorübungen, the plural of Vorübung, are preparatory exercises performed before the main activity. They are used in sports and physical training, music and performing arts, and other disciplines to prepare the body and mind for more demanding work.

Etymology: Vor- means before, Übung means exercise or drill.

Purpose and structure: They combine general warm-up elements such as light cardio and dynamic mobility with task-specific drills that mimic upcoming movements at lower intensity. The goal is to activate relevant muscle groups, rehearse technique, improve range of motion, and reduce the risk of injury.

Examples: In physical education and sports, Vorübungen include leg swings, hip circles, ankle and shoulder mobility, and basic rhythm or coordination drills, then proceeding to sport-specific sequences. In music or dance, preparatory scales, arpeggios, five-finger patterns, and gentle choreographic motifs are used.

Implementation: Typically 5 to 15 minutes, with progression from general to specific movements. They are tailored to the activity, athlete, or performer, and are considered part of a broader training or rehearsal plan rather than a substitute for main practice.

See also: Warm-up; Preparatory drills.