Videokamera

A videokamera, also known as a video camera, is a device that records moving images and synchronized audio. It typically combines a lens, an image sensor, processing electronics, and a recording mechanism to store video data on media or transmit it digitally. Consumer models are usually compact with integrated lenses, while professional systems may separate the camera body from recording and control equipment.

The technology has evolved from analog camera tubes to solid-state sensors. Early cameras used vidicon or plumbicon tubes and analog formats. With CCD and later CMOS sensors, images are digitized. From the 1990s to the 2010s camcorders used DV, HDV, and AVCHD, moving toward HD and 4K recording. Today most cameras capture digital video in multiple resolutions, and smartphones handle much casual recording.

Key components include the image sensor (CCD or CMOS), the lens, and processing hardware. Features such as autofocus, exposure control, and image stabilization (optical or electronic) are common. Recording formats vary, with storage on SD cards, internal memory, or tapes on older models. Resolutions range from standard definition to 4K, with frame rates from 24 to over 120 fps.

Cameras range from compact consumer camcorders and action cameras to professional broadcast and cinema cameras. Professional models often offer interchangeable lenses, higher data rates, RAW or log recording, and advanced control interfaces. Workflows emphasize compatibility with editing software and online delivery.

Today the line between dedicated videokameras and smartphones or hybrids is blurred, as many devices offer high-quality video, stabilization, and versatile lenses. Nevertheless, dedicated video cameras remain favored in professional production for reliability, audio options, and long recording times.