Resolutions

Resolutions are formal expressions of the will or intention of a deliberative body, organization, or individual. The term covers documents that record a decision, policy statement, or stated aim that directs future action. In governmental and political contexts, a resolution is adopted by a legislature, council, or other assembly and can express ceremonial sentiments, approve policy, or authorize specific actions. In many systems simple resolutions express opinions or internal matters and do not have the force of law; joint resolutions may, in some jurisdictions, carry legal effect when enacted or signed into effect, while in others they function as nonbinding statements.

In corporate and organizational governance, a board resolution is a formal written decision adopted by a board of directors or similar body. Such resolutions authorize actions like entering into contracts, approving budgets, issuing shares, or appointing officers, and they become part of the organization's official records and minutes. The wording of a resolution typically includes a title, whereas the operative clauses specify the actions to be taken and the conditions or limitations, if any.

The process generally involves proposal, discussion, and a vote or consensus, followed by formal recording and signature by appropriate officers. Resolutions may be ceremonial, policy-based, or functional, and their authority derives from the body that adopts them rather than from the instrument alone.

Beyond official uses, the word is common in personal life as New Year’s resolutions—intentions to change behavior or achieve goals—though these carry no legal weight.