videokameras

Videokameras are devices that capture moving images for video production. They combine an imaging sensor, optics, processing electronics, and a recording medium, allowing scenes to be recorded in digital form for later play-back. The term covers a range of devices from compact consumer camcorders to professional cinema cameras.

Consumer camcorders are typically handheld, with integrated zoom lenses, built-in stabilization, and removable storage or internal memory. Professional video cameras include ENG (electronic news gathering) and EFP (electronic field production) cameras that are larger, modular, and often broadcast-grade. Other segments include action cameras, mirrorless or DSLR cameras optimized for video, and cinema cameras designed for high-end productions.

Key features include image sensor type (CCD was common in older models; most modern cameras use CMOS), sensor size, resolution (full HD, 4K, 6K, 8K), and frame rates. Recording formats vary (MOV, MP4, MXF, RAW), as do media types (SD/SDHC/SDXC cards, CFexpress or SSDs). Quality of autofocus, image stabilization (optical or electronic), dynamic range, color science, and audio inputs are important. Many cameras offer timecode, waveform monitoring, histograms, and metadata capture.

Usage spans journalism, documentary, corporate video, weddings, filmmaking, and sports. Workflows often involve external recorders, monitoring, and post-production pipelines with transcoding and color grading. Connectivity includes HDMI and SDI outputs, USB for data transfer, and streaming capabilities.

Trends include larger sensors with shallow depth of field, high dynamic range, 4K/8K capture, 10-bit color, and advanced stabilization. The line between consumer and professional gear has blurred as compact mirrorless cameras offer cinema-like video at lower cost. Selection depends on budget, required image quality, mobility, and workflow needs.