Vibrationsempfindlichkeit

Vibrationsempfänger, or vibration receiver, is a sensor or device that detects mechanical vibrations and converts them into electrical signals for measurement, analysis, or monitoring. They are used across engineering disciplines to assess the dynamic behavior of structures and machinery.

Common technologies include piezoelectric accelerometers, capacitive (often MEMS) accelerometers, and optical methods such as laser Doppler vibrometry. Piezoelectric sensors generate an electric charge proportional to the applied acceleration, enabling high sensitivity and broad frequency response. Capacitive sensors detect changes in capacitance caused by displacement, offering small size and low power draw, especially in MEMS forms. Optical vibrometers measure vibration non-contact by detecting Doppler shifts or interferometric phase changes, useful when contact sensing is impractical or intrusive.

Applications span machinery health monitoring, vibration testing, structural assessment, and industrial automation. In rotating equipment, vibration receivers help detect imbalances, misalignments, or bearing faults. In civil engineering, they monitor bridges and buildings for dynamic responses to wind, earthquakes, or traffic. In research and development, they provide data for modal analysis and vibration testing of prototypes.

Operation typically involves mounting the sensor to the structure or component, acquiring time-domain signals, and transforming data into frequency spectra to identify dominant vibration modes. Output formats vary from analog voltages to digital data streams, suitable for real-time monitoring or offline analysis. Considerations include sensor placement, mounting torque, temperature sensitivity, bandwidth, and the need for calibration to ensure accurate interpretation of vibration levels.