Vezetékanyag

Vezetékanyag refers to the material used to construct electrical conductors, primarily wires and cables. The most common vezetékanyag is copper due to its excellent electrical conductivity, ductility, and relatively low cost. Copper's ability to efficiently carry electrical current with minimal energy loss makes it the preferred choice for a vast range of applications, from household wiring to heavy-duty industrial power transmission.

Aluminum is another significant vezetékanyag, especially for high-voltage transmission lines and overhead power lines. While aluminum has lower conductivity than copper by volume, it is considerably lighter and less expensive. This makes it a practical choice where weight and cost are critical factors, and where larger conductor diameters can compensate for the lower conductivity.

Other materials are used in specific scenarios. Silver is the most conductive metal, but its high cost limits its use to specialized applications like high-performance electronics and some types of scientific equipment. Gold, with its excellent corrosion resistance and conductivity, is often used for plating electrical connectors and contacts to ensure reliable connections over time. In some specialized high-temperature applications, materials like tungsten or nickel alloys might be employed. The choice of vezetékanyag is a balance of electrical properties, mechanical strength, cost, and environmental considerations.