UserTesting

User testing is a research method used to evaluate a product, service, or prototype by observing how typical users interact with it to accomplish defined tasks. The aim is to identify usability issues, gauge learnability, and gather user feedback that can inform design decisions. It is distinct from automated QA or purely analytical reviews, focusing on actual user behavior under realistic tasks.

Tests can be moderated or unmoderated, and conducted in person or remotely. In moderated tests, a facilitator guides participants and asks clarifying questions, sometimes using think-aloud protocols. Unmoderated tests let participants complete tasks on their own, often with predefined tasks and automated recording.

Participants are representative users or target personas. Recruitment aims for a manageable sample, often five to eight participants for qualitative insights; larger samples may be used to obtain quantitative measures. Screening criteria ensure tasks align with user goals.

Data collected include observations, task success, time on task, error rates, and qualitative comments. Instruments include screen recordings, heatmaps, surveys like the System Usability Scale (SUS). Output typically includes an issues backlog, severity ratings, and design recommendations.

Best practices: plan tasks that reflect real goals, pilot test the protocol, ensure ethical consent, avoid leading questions, record findings in a structured report, and iterate design based on results. Consider accessibility and inclusivity; run tests early and repeatedly during product development.

Limitations: small samples limit generalizability; artificial test environments may affect behavior; results depend on task selection and participant recruitment; combine with other methods for a fuller picture.